More serious adverse reactions include seizures, white blood cell reduction, fainting, and allergic reactions.Įxamples include Mianserin (Tolvon) and Mirtazapine (Remeron, Avanza, Zispin). These are used to treat anxiety disorders, some personality disorders, and depression. Noradrenaline and specific serotoninergic antidepressants (NASSAs) fainting or feeling faint when standing upĮxamples of MAOIs include phenelzine (Nardil), tranylcypromine (Parnate), isocarboxazid (Marplan) and selegiline (EMSAM, Eldepryl).MAOIs are generally saved for cases where other antidepressants have not worked because MAOIs interact with several other medications and some foods. In theory, this leads to more stabilized moods and less anxiety.ĭoctors now use MAOIs if SSRIs have not worked. If less serotonin is broken down, there will be more circulating serotonin. Monoamine oxidase helps break down neurotransmitters, such as serotonin. It inhibits the action of monoamine oxidase, a brain enzyme. This type of antidepressant was commonly prescribed before the introduction of SSRIs and SNRIs. Tricyclics may have the following side effects:Įxamples include amitriptyline (Elavil), amoxapine- clomipramine (Anafranil), desipramine (Norpramin), doxepin (Sinequan), imipramine (Tofranil), nortriptyline (Pamelor), protriptyline (Vivactil) and trimipramine (Surmontil).
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They are used to treat depression, fibromyalgia, some types of anxiety, and they can help control chronic pain. Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are so named because there are three rings in the chemical structure of these medications. There have been reports that people who use SSRIs and SNRIs, and especially those under the age of 18 years, may experience thoughts of suicide, especially when they first start using the drugs.Īll antidepressants carry a black-box warning to this effect, as required by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). SSRIs and SNRIs may have the following side effects:Įxamples include citalopram ( Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro), fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem), fluvoxamine (Luvox), paroxetine (Paxil) and sertraline (Zoloft). They are called “selective” because they mainly seem to affect serotonin, and not the other neurotransmitters. This makes it easier for the brain cells to receive and send messages, resulting in better and more stable moods. SSRIs block the reuptake, or absorption, of serotonin in the brain. They are effective in treating depression, and they have fewer side effects than the other antidepressants. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most commonly prescribed antidepressants. SNRIs raise levels of serotonin and norepinephrine, two neurotransmitters in the brain that play a key role in stabilizing mood.Įxamples include duloxetine (Cymbalta), venlafaxine (Effexor) and desvenlafaxine ( Pristiq). Serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are used to treat major depression, mood disorders, and possibly but less commonly attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), anxiety disorders, menopausal symptoms, fibromyalgia, and chronic neuropathic pain.
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These are the most commonly prescribed type of antidepressant. Share on Pinterest Antidepressants treat major depressive disorder and other conditions.